Risk management is the process of identifying, analysing, accepting, mitigating or transferring uncertainty in investment decisions. Fund managers apply risk management by analysing and attempting to quantify the potential loss of an investment and then acting accordingly.

Institutions are being transformed thanks to the integration of new technologies. This vision represents a corporate change with a social impact, reducing costs, simplifying processes and procedures, and raising awareness of the importance and benefits of this transformation.

Article 12 of Law No. 5508 on the Promotion, Protection of Maternity and Support for Breastfeeding establishes that maternity allowance should be paid to employed women by the social security scheme of Paraguay’s Social Insurance Institute (Instituto de Previsión Social – IPS). This amount is equivalent to 100 per cent of her salary at the time of delivery, and is paid for the prescribed months of rest. This used to be given to women in a single payment.

The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) is the country’s largest social security institution, with 3,727,522 members. The institution makes use of face-to-face, telephone and digital channels, including Instagram, Facebook, email, telephone, an electronic booking system and Skype.

The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) has a total of 18,418 active Ecuadorian members living abroad, as of 31 December 2022. In order to enquire about or apply for benefits, they must log in to the IESS ICT system, using a username and password. If they don’t have access to the account password, members can request a password reset and a security code will be sent to the email address registered in the IESS system. A large percentage of members living abroad have forgotten their registered email address.

The issue of population growth and social security planning is one of the biggest challenges facing governments today, and is a key part of a good social security system that instils confidence in its members.

The Retirement and Pension Fund for Employees of Banks and Related Institutions (Caja de Jubilaciones y Pensiones de Empleados de Bancos y Afines) (Bank Fund, hereinafter) is in constant communication with its members. It therefore continuously updates its databases, in order to have a better understanding of members’ current realities, experiences and needs.

Digital transformation is happening in institutions through the integration of new technologies. This vision represents an institutional and social change, optimizing available resources, reducing costs, shortening processes and procedures, and raising awareness of the importance and benefits of this transformation.

Good practice in health – service quality.

As health-care systems have evolved to become more complex and due to the resultant increase in patients coming to harm in health care settings, patient safety has emerged as a health-care discipline.

The Actuarial Advisory Office (Asesoría Actuarial) of the Social Insurance Institute (Instituto de Previsión Social – IPS) carried out an actuarial valuation of the Common Retirement and Pension Fund (Fondo Común de Jubilaciones y Pensiones). The valuation looks to comply with international best practices and observe the guidelines and standards of the International Standards of Actuarial Practice 2 (ISAP 2), and the ISSA-ILO Guidelines on Actuarial Work for Social Security, with technical support from the International Labour Organization (ILO).

Like most of the world’s countries, Paraguay has adopted lockdown measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. These steps taken by the government have impacted the productive sector, leading to mass suspensions of employment contracts for persons insured with the Social Insurance Institute (Instituto de Previsión Social – IPS) of Paraguay.

The Virtual Medical Consultation (Teleconsultation) offered by the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) is a system which uses information and communication technology to provide health care led by specialist health professionals, as well as to exchange medical information electronically in order to help patients who are not able to attend a consultation in person.

The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) currently deals with procedures which are usually carried out either wholly or partially face-to-face. This means many clients come to their customer service centres, leading to overcrowding, a reduction in service quality and more time taken to resolve issues.

This solution involves the installation, configuration and launch of a radiological information system (RIS) and a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) with a view to the overall administrative, functional, document and clinical management of medical imaging within those health-care units affiliated to the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) that have an imaging service and/or the capacity to undertake imaging studies.

El Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social viene arrastrando durante varios años una desmejorada percepción en los servicios que brinda a afiliados, pensionistas y jubilados.

The integrated management model for monitoring evasion, under-declaration and complaints has been in place since 2019 pursuant to the applicable legal regulations in Ecuador (the Integral Organic Criminal Code – COIP, the Labour Code, the Social Security Act and complementary regulations), in relation to compulsory social security registration for workers hired on an employee basis.

The strategic lines of the model are as follows:

The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social ‒ IESS) offers employers and citizens in general access to a mechanism for automatically cross-checking accounts in order to pay outstanding employer contributions using funds available in corresponding reserve funds and/or employer severance funds.

The Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social – IESS) is seeking to sign agreements with public and private banks, savings and credit cooperatives, credit card issuers and other legally authorized bodies to broaden its network for the collection of payments. The IESS needs to manage the implementation of operational agreements with collection agencies and appropriate supervisory bodies for the collection of funds on its behalf, as well as monitor and control the fulfilment of these agreements.

In all health systems, the incorrect identification of patients leads to errors in medication, procedures being carried out on the wrong person, and new-born babies being handed over to the wrong families. Between November 2003 and July 2005, the National Patient Safety Agency in the United Kingdom reported 236 incidents and near losses related to the loss of bracelets or bracelets with incorrect information.

The high rate of pregnancies, abortions and sexually transmitted diseases has become a public health problem.

11 - 16 is the most vulnerable age group, facing high risks of aggression, ill-treatment and rape because of its naivety and lack of knowledge.

Education is a human right at all ages and represents an inescapable obligation for the state.

It is a priority task for public policies which guarantees equality and social inclusion as well as an indispensable requirement for well-being.

This legal framework offers an opportunity for those working within the IESS in terms of the major challenges that it involves, especially for the medical units responsible for providing individual and family health care to Ecuadorian citizens.